Satan, a former angel also known under other names such as Lucifer or Beelzebub, was banished from heaven after staging a failed rebellion against God. He was cast down to hell and tasked with punishing those that God deemed as sinners.

Zainichi Koreans are ethnic Koreans who reside in Japan, many of whom are descendants of individuals who migrated or were forcibly brought to Japan during its colonial rule over Korea from 1910 to 1945. Most Zainichi Koreans today were born and raised in Japan and speak only Japanese, but they are not eligible for automatic citizenship and can only naturalise if they renounce their Korean identity. Instead, they remain under a special permanent resident status, which allows them to live and work in Japan indefinitely but prohibits them from running for political office, taking on jobs in the civil service, or voting in national elections.

Some Zainichi Koreans have chosen to retain their Korean identity and connections to their heritage rather than take up full Japanese citizenship. This includes attending independent Korean schools (Chōsen gakkō), lobbying for repatriation programmes, or advocating for stronger ties with (either) Korea.

Germany's debt brake is a constitutional amendment introduced in 2009 that limits the annual federal budget deficit to 0.35% of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). Federal budgets exceeding this threshold may be invalidated by the German Federal Constitutional Court.

The debt brake can only be temporarily suspended through an "escape clause." This clause allows the Bundestag to, by a simple majority vote, override the restriction in cases of extraordinary circumstances or emergencies. The clause has been invoked only once, during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, with its suspension extended through 2023

Max Stirner’s ethical egoism asserts that individuals should act solely in their own self-interest, free from all restrictions. He encouraged egoists to reject religion, capitalism, materialism, and moral philosophies, viewing them as authorities that suppress genuine self-discovery.

The Darién Gap is a 60-mile stretch of dense rainforest on the border of Colombia and Panama. It's the only land route connecting Central and South America. It’s made up of mountainous terrain, swamps and rivers. Migrants crossing face threats of physical and sexual violence from criminal groups.
In July this year, The United States and Panama made a deal to reduce the number of migrants crossing the Darién gap on their way to the United States. This includes an agreement that the US will pay for the repatriation of migrants who enter Panama illegally, US training of Panamanian personal to screen and deport migrants, and barbed wire fencing throughout the jungle to discourage crossing.

"New year, new me" is a narrative that refers to the idea of starting the new year with a renewed and improved sense of self. It's a common sentiment that encourages people to make resolutions and set goals for the year ahead, promoting lifestyle changes.