Germany's debt brake is a constitutional amendment introduced in 2009 that limits the annual federal budget deficit to 0.35% of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). Federal budgets exceeding this threshold may be invalidated by the German Federal Constitutional Court.
The debt brake can only be temporarily suspended through an "escape clause." This clause allows the Bundestag to, by a simple majority vote, override the restriction in cases of extraordinary circumstances or emergencies. The clause has been invoked only once, during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, with its suspension extended through 2023